1. Introduction and Scope of Submission

Neutrosophic Optimization and Intelligent Systems (NOIS) is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal published by Sciences Force LLC, United States.

The journal welcomes original theoretical, methodological, computational, and application-oriented research that contributes to neutrosophic and uncertainty-related mathematical foundations, optimization theory and algorithms, artificial intelligence, and intelligent systems.

Before submitting a manuscript, authors should ensure that its principal scientific contribution falls within the journal's defined Aims and Scope.

The relevance of a manuscript is determined by its research question, methods, findings, and contribution to knowledge rather than by the mere use of particular terminology or the application of an established technique to a new dataset.

Manuscripts must be scientifically sound, clearly written in English, appropriately documented, and supported by evidence consistent with the nature of the research.

Authors should review these instructions and the journal's Editorial Policies and Publication Ethics Statement before preparing their submissions.

2. Types of Manuscripts

NOIS considers the following article types.

• Original Research Articles

Original Research Articles present significant theoretical results, new or substantially improved mathematical or computational methods, rigorous experimental investigations, or important empirical findings within the journal's scope.

The manuscript should establish a well-defined research problem, critically examine relevant previous work, explain the contribution, describe the methods, present adequate supporting evidence, and discuss the significance and limitations of the findings.

• Review Articles

Review Articles provide a comprehensive and critical synthesis of established or emerging research areas.

They should explain the review objectives, describe how relevant literature was identified and selected, evaluate significant methodological developments, identify unresolved problems, and present well-supported conclusions.

Systematic reviews should report their search and selection procedures transparently and follow relevant reporting guidelines where applicable.

• Mini-Review Articles

Mini-Reviews provide a focused critical assessment of developments in a clearly defined research topic.

They should offer meaningful scientific interpretation and synthesis rather than a descriptive listing of previous publications.

• Perspectives

Perspectives present reasoned scholarly viewpoints on emerging developments, unresolved scientific questions, methodological challenges, or future research directions.

Arguments must be supported by relevant evidence and clearly distinguished from speculation.

• Correspondence

Correspondence consists of concise scholarly communications addressing relevant scientific questions, technical observations, or significant issues raised by published research.

• Comments

Comments offer focused, evidence-based discussion or criticism of previously published research, including mathematical arguments, methodological limitations, computational findings, or interpretations.

The authors of a work discussed in a substantive scientific comment may be invited to respond.

All manuscript categories undergo initial editorial assessment. External peer review is conducted according to the nature of the contribution and the journal's Editorial Policies.

NOIS does not impose a universal manuscript word limit. Submissions should nevertheless be proportionate to their scientific contribution, avoid unnecessary repetition, and present sufficient information for meaningful assessment.

3. Requirements before Submission

Manuscripts must be submitted with the knowledge and approval of all listed authors.

The corresponding author is responsible for confirming that the manuscript is not under simultaneous consideration by another journal and that all relevant earlier dissemination has been disclosed.

Submissions must accurately represent the research and must not contain fabricated data, misleading results, inappropriate authorship, manipulated citations, or material taken from other sources without proper attribution.

Authors must obtain necessary institutional approvals, ethical permissions, and third-party reproduction rights before submission.

The journal permits the prior dissemination of a manuscript as a preprint, provided that the preprint is disclosed and the submission meets the journal's originality and publication requirements.

Authors must disclose related publications or manuscripts that are necessary for assessing overlap, scientific novelty, or potential redundant publication.

The submitting author should be an author of the work and must provide accurate contact information for editorial correspondence.

Submissions are made electronically through the journal's official Open Journal Systems (OJS) platform.

4. Manuscript Language and Preparation

The publication language of NOIS is English.

Manuscripts should use clear, precise, and grammatically correct academic language. Technical terminology, mathematical notation, abbreviations, and scientific expressions must be consistent throughout the article.

Authors should avoid unsupported promotional claims, unnecessary repetition, and statements that exaggerate the significance or applicability of their findings.

Manuscripts must be prepared using the official NOIS Microsoft Word template available through the journal's submission page.

Journal Submission Page:

The preferred editable manuscript format is DOCX. Files in the older DOC format may be accepted where technically compatible, but authors may be asked to convert them to DOCX.

The manuscript must contain editable text, tables, and mathematical equations rather than images of text or mathematical expressions.

Authors should use the formatting styles provided in the official template and maintain consistent heading levels, paragraph spacing, numbering, and citation formatting.

The editorial office may return files that cannot be properly evaluated, anonymized, edited, or prepared for publication.

5. Files Required for Initial Submission

To support the journal's double-anonymous peer-review process, identifying information must be separated from the manuscript supplied to reviewers.

Authors must submit the following files.

Title Page — For Editorial Use

The Title Page must be submitted separately and must include:

- The full manuscript title and a short running title of no more than 15 words.

- The full names of all authors in the agreed authorship order.

- Each author's department, institution, city, and country, where applicable.

- Each author's individual ORCID iD, authenticated through the journal's supported verification process.

- The corresponding author's name and valid email address.

- A complete Author Contributions Statement using the applicable CRediT roles for every listed author.

- Funding information, acknowledgments, and relevant competing interest declarations.

- Any other author-identifying information required by the editorial office.

The corresponding author must ensure that all author names, affiliations, identifiers, and contributions agree with the information entered into the submission system.

The Title Page is intended exclusively for authorized editorial use. It must not be included in the anonymized manuscript or made accessible to external reviewers during double-anonymous peer review.

Anonymized Manuscript — For Peer Review

The anonymized manuscript must contain the title, abstract, keywords, main text, references, tables, and figures, but must not disclose the identities of the authors.

Author names, institutional affiliations, direct contact details, and identifying acknowledgments must be excluded from the version supplied to reviewers.

Authors should remove identifying information from document properties, comments, file names, and supplementary files intended for reviewer access.

References to the authors' previous publications should remain scientifically accurate and should normally be written in the third person. Essential citations must not be omitted solely to conceal authorship.

Where an identifiable repository, preregistration record, or other supporting resource could compromise anonymity, authors should inform the editorial office so that an appropriate review arrangement can be considered.

Supplementary Files

Relevant datasets, code, additional proofs, figures, videos, methodological documents, or other supporting materials may be uploaded as supplementary files.

Authors must identify which supplementary materials are suitable for confidential reviewer access and ensure that these files do not unintentionally disclose identifying or sensitive information.

Files intended only for editorial use must be clearly distinguished from files intended for reviewers.

6. Title, Abstract, and Keywords

• Manuscript Title

The title must accurately and concisely describe the central subject of the research.

It should identify the principal scientific contribution without relying on exaggerated claims, unexplained abbreviations, or unnecessary terminology.

Where the template specifies title formatting, authors should follow that format. The current journal style uses a 14-point bold Times New Roman title.

• Abstract

Original Research Articles should include a self-contained abstract of no more than 250 words, written in a single paragraph without internal headings.

The abstract should clearly communicate the research problem and objective, the principal methods, the main results, and the conclusions supported by those results.

Where numerical results are central to the contribution, authors should report representative findings with enough information to make their meaning clear.

The abstract must not introduce results absent from the manuscript or make claims unsupported by the reported analysis.

Review articles and other article types should provide abstracts appropriate to their purpose and content.

Citations, unexplained abbreviations, and unnecessary mathematical expressions should generally be avoided in abstracts.

• Keywords

Authors must provide three to seven keywords.

Keywords should reflect the main scientific concepts, methodological approaches, and research subject of the manuscript.

Broad terms should be combined with more specific expressions to improve discoverability without misrepresenting the research.

7. Organization of Original Research Articles

Original Research Articles should generally be organized around the following components.

• Introduction

The Introduction should establish the scientific context, identify the research problem, critically discuss relevant literature, explain the limitations or unresolved questions motivating the study, and state the research objectives and contributions.

Authors should distinguish the new contribution from existing approaches and avoid describing well-established methods as newly invented.

• Theoretical Background and Related Work

Where necessary, this section should present the definitions, mathematical concepts, established theories, algorithms, or previous findings on which the research depends.

The discussion should be selective and analytical, identifying relationships, limitations, or gaps relevant to the proposed work.

• Methods or Proposed Approach

The Methods section should explain the mathematical, computational, experimental, or analytical procedures with sufficient detail for independent scientific assessment.

Authors must identify essential assumptions, methodological decisions, parameters, data sources, and implementation details relevant to the findings.

• Results

The Results section should present the principal theoretical, computational, or empirical findings accurately and systematically.

Tables, figures, mathematical results, and statistical measures should be used where they improve the presentation and interpretation of the evidence.

• Discussion

The Discussion should interpret the results in relation to the original research questions, compare them with relevant previous work, explain their scientific implications, and acknowledge important limitations.

Authors should distinguish established findings from possible applications and future research directions.

• Conclusions

The Conclusions should summarize the principal contributions and findings without introducing unsupported new claims.

The precise arrangement of sections may differ for theoretical mathematics, algorithmic research, methodological papers, and empirical investigations. Authors should use a structure that best communicates the research while preserving clarity and completeness.

Results and Discussion may be combined where appropriate.

8. Requirements for Mathematical and Theoretical Research

Research developing mathematical models, theories, structures, or analytical results must demonstrate conceptual precision and logical validity.

Authors must state definitions, assumptions, notation, propositions, lemmas, theorems, and proofs clearly.

Mathematical claims must be supported by appropriate arguments, and any conditions required for the validity of the results must be identified.

Where a new framework is proposed, authors should explain its relationship to established mathematical theories and identify the substantive differences.

The introduction of new symbols, terminology, or formal definitions alone does not establish a meaningful scientific contribution.

Where appropriate, authors should investigate whether proposed results are genuinely distinct from known theorems, equivalent under transformation, or special cases of existing results.

Illustrative examples may assist understanding, but examples alone do not establish the validity of a general mathematical theorem.

The use of computer-assisted proofs, numerical verification, or symbolic computation must be explained, including relevant software and verification procedures.

9. Requirements for Optimization and Algorithmic Research

Manuscripts proposing optimization methods must clearly define the problem being addressed and justify the proposed methodology.

Where applicable, the manuscript should specify the objective functions, constraints, decision variables, input assumptions, algorithmic operations, termination criteria, and parameter settings.

New or modified algorithms should be described sufficiently for independent implementation.

Authors should explain the differences between their proposed methods and relevant established algorithms, including the significance of those differences.

Experimental evaluations should use suitable benchmarks or problem instances, appropriate baseline methods, and comparable computational conditions.

Where stochastic algorithms are used, the experimental design should account for variability across independent runs.

Results should be assessed using appropriate performance measures and statistical methods where relevant.

Claims concerning convergence, optimality, computational complexity, robustness, scalability, or superiority must be supported by suitable theoretical analysis or empirical evidence.

Authors should discuss significant limitations, including cases in which the proposed method does not outperform existing alternatives.

10. Requirements for Artificial Intelligence and Intelligent Systems Research

Research involving machine learning, deep learning, intelligent decision systems, or related computational techniques must provide sufficient methodological information to evaluate the reliability and significance of the findings.

Where applicable, authors should identify:

- The origin, characteristics, and size of the datasets.

- Data cleaning and preprocessing procedures.

- Training, validation, and testing strategies.

- Model architectures, hyperparameters, and optimization settings.

- Baseline methods and evaluation metrics.

- Procedures used to prevent data leakage.

- Sources of randomness and measures supporting reproducibility.

- Uncertainty, bias, robustness, and generalizability considerations.

Where appropriate, studies should include ablation experiments, sensitivity analyses, external validation, uncertainty assessments, or statistically justified comparisons.

Performance claims must be evaluated against relevant scientific baselines under conditions that permit fair comparison.

Accuracy alone is not necessarily sufficient to establish the superiority or practical utility of a method, particularly where datasets are imbalanced or the consequences of prediction errors differ.

Research involving sensitive information must consider applicable privacy, confidentiality, consent, and data protection requirements.

11. Requirements for Review Articles

Review Articles and Mini-Reviews must provide a scientifically meaningful synthesis of existing research.

Authors should define the topic, purpose, coverage, and central questions of the review.

The manuscript should explain how relevant literature was identified and selected, with detail proportionate to the type of review.

Systematic reviews must describe their search strategy, eligibility criteria, screening procedures, and methods of synthesis, and follow appropriate reporting guidance where applicable.

Narrative and critical reviews should explain their coverage and selection approach without claiming to be systematic unless a systematic method was actually used.

Review articles should critically evaluate the evidence, identify methodological strengths and weaknesses, discuss conflicting findings, and explain unresolved questions.

A manuscript consisting mainly of summaries of individual publications without substantive synthesis or analysis may be considered insufficient for publication.

12. References and Citation Style

NOIS uses a numbered reference system.

References must be numbered consecutively according to their first appearance in the manuscript and cited in the text using square brackets, such as [1], [2], and [3].

The reference list must follow the same numerical order.

Every reference cited in the manuscript must appear in the reference list, and every entry in the reference list must be cited in the text.

Bibliographic entries should include sufficient information to identify the source accurately, including authors, title, publication venue, year, volume, issue, page range or article number where applicable, and DOI when available.

References to books, conference proceedings, datasets, software, technical reports, preprints, and online resources must identify their publication status and relevant source information accurately.

Authors are responsible for verifying reference details, DOI links, author names, publication dates, and cited claims.

Retracted sources should not be presented as reliable supporting evidence without acknowledging their retraction status and explaining the reason for discussing them.

References must not be fabricated, misrepresented, or included primarily to increase citation counts.

Unnecessary journal self-citation, coercive citation arrangements, and citation manipulation are prohibited.

13. Tables, Figures, and Scientific Illustrations

Tables and figures must be scientifically relevant, legible, accurately labeled, and cited in the manuscript.

They should be numbered consecutively in the order of their first appearance, using designations such as Table 1 and Figure 1.

Each table must have an informative title, clear column headings, and explanations of nonstandard abbreviations or symbols.

Tables should be created using editable Word tables rather than embedded images.

Figures should have descriptive captions that allow readers to understand the essential content without repeatedly consulting the main text.

Figures and tables should be positioned near their first citation in the manuscript, consistent with the journal template.

Authors should provide high-quality source files when needed for production.

For raster figures, a resolution of approximately 300 dpi at the intended publication size is recommended for photographic images. Diagrams, mathematical plots, and line drawings should preferably be supplied in vector or other formats that preserve fine detail.

Graphs must display axis titles, units, legends, and uncertainty measures where necessary for interpretation.

Statistical graphics must accurately represent the underlying data.

Image adjustments must not materially misrepresent research observations or results.

Authors must disclose relevant composite-image construction or processing procedures when necessary for scientific interpretation.

Color figures are accepted, and the journal does not list a separate color illustration charge.

14. Mathematical Equations, Notation, and Units

Mathematical equations must be prepared in an editable format using Microsoft Word Equation Editor or MathType.

Equations should not be submitted as screenshots or flattened images.

Important displayed equations should be numbered consecutively when referenced in the text.

Mathematical symbols, variables, operators, indices, and abbreviations must be defined consistently.

Authors should distinguish clearly between scalar quantities, vectors, matrices, sets, parameters, and operators where the distinction is relevant.

New mathematical notation should be introduced only when necessary and accompanied by a precise definition.

Measurements should be reported using the International System of Units (SI) whenever applicable, with other recognized units clearly identified and consistently applied.

Numerical precision, significant figures, and units must reflect the nature and accuracy of the underlying data.

15. Research Data, Software, and Supplementary Materials

NOIS supports responsible research data management, computational transparency, and the reproducibility of scientific findings.

All research submissions must include a Data Availability Statement indicating the accessibility of materials relevant to the reported findings.

Where supporting datasets or software are publicly available, authors should provide a suitable repository name, persistent identifier, DOI, or stable access link.

Where relevant data or code cannot be shared openly, authors must explain the applicable ethical, legal, privacy, confidentiality, intellectual property, or security restrictions.

For theoretical work that does not generate or analyze datasets, the statement should clearly indicate that no new data were generated or analyzed.

Authors are encouraged to share algorithms, source code, configuration files, benchmark instances, simulation parameters, and supporting documentation where legally and ethically permissible.

Computational materials should be accompanied by sufficient descriptions to enable their interpretation and reuse.

Authors using externally obtained datasets must identify their sources and comply with applicable permissions, licenses, and usage conditions.

Synthetic and simulated data must be identified as such and must not be represented as independently collected real-world observations.

Supplementary files should use accessible, widely supported formats when possible, including CSV, TXT, PDF, PNG, JPEG, MP4, or ZIP.

Each supplementary item should be clearly named, described, and cited from the main manuscript where relevant.

Supplementary materials must not be used to conceal essential evidence that is necessary to understand or evaluate the central findings of the article.

Authors remain responsible for the accuracy, legality, confidentiality, and integrity of all supplementary content.

16. Authorship, ORCID Identification, and CRediT Contributions

Authorship Requirements

Authorship in Neutrosophic Optimization and Intelligent Systems (NOIS) must reflect genuine scholarly contributions and responsibility for the published work.

To qualify as an author, an individual must have made a substantial intellectual contribution to the research or scholarly work; participated in drafting the manuscript or critically revising its intellectual content; approved the final version for publication; and agreed to take responsibility for the integrity of their contribution and to address questions concerning the work.

Authorship must not be granted solely on the basis of academic seniority, institutional position, general supervision, funding acquisition, or administrative involvement.

Guest, gift, honorary, purchased, coerced, and ghost authorship are unacceptable.

NOIS does not impose an arbitrary maximum number of authors. The author list and authorship order must accurately reflect the contributors' scholarly involvement and be approved by all authors.

Mandatory ORCID Identification

Every author submitting work to NOIS must provide their own valid and authenticated ORCID iD in accordance with the publisher's authorship and identification requirements.

An ORCID iD is a persistent researcher identifier that distinguishes an individual from other researchers, including those with similar or identical names.

Authors who do not already have an ORCID iD can register free of charge at: https://orcid.org/register

Authors must authenticate their ORCID iDs through the journal's supported ORCID authorization process when requested.

The corresponding author is responsible for providing complete and accurate author information, confirming that the identifiers belong to the correct individuals, and coordinating the verification process with co-authors.

Each author must personally authorize the connection of their ORCID record. The corresponding author must not authenticate an ORCID account on another person's behalf or enter an identifier belonging to another researcher.

Author names should be consistent with the names used in their ORCID records or established scholarly identities. Legitimate name variations must not be treated as evidence of misconduct.

The editorial office may request correction or completion of author metadata when an identifier is missing, incorrectly assigned, or has not been authenticated.

All required author identification and verification procedures must be completed before final acceptance.

ORCID information and other author-identifying metadata must be protected from disclosure to reviewers during double-anonymous peer review.

Mandatory CRediT Contributor Role Statement

All manuscripts submitted to NOIS must include an Author Contributions Statement based on the Contributor Role Taxonomy (CRediT), regardless of the manuscript category.

CRediT is an internationally standardized framework for describing individual contributions to scholarly work.

Authors must identify the actual contributions of each listed author using the applicable roles from the following taxonomy:

- Conceptualization

- Data curation

- Formal analysis

- Funding acquisition

- Investigation

- Methodology

- Project administration

- Resources

- Software

- Supervision

- Validation

- Visualization

- Writing – original draft

- Writing – review & editing

Authors may be assigned more than one role, and a role may be shared by several authors.

Only roles that accurately describe the work performed should be selected. Authors are not required to assign every role, and roles that do not apply to the manuscript must not be included.

For theoretical research, relevant roles may include conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis, validation, and manuscript writing. For review articles, perspectives, correspondence, and comments, the assigned roles should reflect the actual scholarly work undertaken.

CRediT classifications describe contributions but do not independently determine eligibility for authorship.

The corresponding author must ensure that the contribution statement has been reviewed and approved by all authors.

Preparation and Publication of the Contribution Statement

The Author Contributions Statement must identify each author and their respective CRediT roles.

During double-anonymous peer review, the statement must be included in the separate Title Page or another editorial-only file and must not be disclosed in material provided to reviewers.

After acceptance, the approved statement must be included in the final published article under the heading "Author Contributions".

The contribution statement must be consistent with the author information recorded in OJS and must accurately represent the scholarly work undertaken.

Acknowledgments and Non-Author Contributions

Individuals who contributed to the work but do not meet the authorship requirements must not be presented as authors.

Their assistance may be recognized in the Acknowledgments section, with appropriate permission and a clear description of their contribution.

Technical assistance, professional language editing, administrative support, and other forms of assistance must not be represented as qualifying intellectual authorship when the applicable authorship criteria have not been met.

Generative artificial intelligence systems cannot be listed as authors or assigned authorship responsibility.

Authorship Changes and Disputes

Requests to add, remove, or reorder authors after submission must be supported by a reasonable explanation and written agreement from all affected authors.

Significant changes in the stated contributions must also be reviewed and approved.

The editorial office may request supporting evidence and may suspend editorial processing when a material authorship dispute remains unresolved.

Changes to authorship or author contributions after publication require an appropriate documented editorial procedure and, where necessary, a formal correction.

The journal may refer unresolved questions concerning the legitimacy of authorship or contributions to the relevant institutions.

These requirements are intended to ensure that scholarly credit is accurate, transparent, and supported by individual accountability.

Relevant Standards and Resources ORCID: https://orcid.org/

CRediT Contributor Role Taxonomy: https://credit.niso.org/contributor-roles/

Publisher's Authorship and Contributorship Policy: https://sciencesforce.com/publisher

17. Statements and Declarations

A section titled Statements and Declarations must be included in the submitted manuscript.

For double-anonymous review, declarations containing identifying information should be provided in the separate title-page file and included in the final publication version after acceptance.

Authors must supply accurate declarations relevant to the research. A statement that an item is not applicable is acceptable only when it correctly describes the circumstances.

• Funding

All sources of financial support relevant to the work must be identified, including available grant numbers and the role of funders where applicable.

Where no external funding was received, authors should state this explicitly.

• Competing Interests

Authors must disclose relevant financial and non-financial competing interests.

Where none exist, a clear declaration must be provided.

• Author Contributions

Every submission must include an Author Contributions Statement using the CRediT Contributor Role Taxonomy.

The statement must identify the specific role or roles performed by each author. All assigned roles must accurately reflect the work undertaken and must be approved by the authors.

During double-anonymous peer review, the statement must be included in the separate Title Page or another editorial-only file. The approved Author Contributions Statement must appear in the final published article.

• Data Availability

All research submissions must include a statement describing the availability of relevant supporting data and materials or explaining their absence or restricted access.

• Code Availability

Where software or computational code is central to the findings, authors must indicate its availability or explain relevant access restrictions.

Where no research code was developed or used, the statement may indicate that code availability is not applicable.

• Ethics Approval

Studies requiring research ethics approval must identify the approving institution or committee and provide relevant approval information.

Where approval was not required or an exemption was granted, authors must explain the basis for that determination.

• Consent to Participate

Studies involving human participants must report the applicable consent arrangements, including justified exceptions where permitted by law and ethical oversight.

• Consent for Publication

Where publication involves identifiable personal information, images, recordings, or individual case details, authors must confirm that the necessary publication consent has been obtained.

• Generative AI Disclosure

Materially relevant use of generative AI in manuscript preparation must be disclosed.

Research involving AI as a scientific methodology must describe the relevant methods within the main manuscript.

Authors must not submit generic declarations that conceal actual circumstances or provide misleading information about approvals, funding, data availability, or competing interests.

18. Research Ethics and Participant Protection

Research involving human participants, identifiable personal data, clinical information, biological materials, or animals must comply with applicable legal and institutional requirements.

Authors must obtain required ethical approvals before commencing the relevant research activities.

For medical research involving human participants, the applicable ethical principles of the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki, as revised in October 2024, should be followed.

Where an ethics committee or institutional review board has approved the study or granted an exemption, the manuscript must report the relevant details.

Consent to participate and consent to publish identifiable information are distinct requirements.

Authors must comply with applicable consent procedures and obtain appropriate permission from parents, guardians, or legally authorized representatives when participants cannot provide legally effective consent.

No universal age threshold is imposed by NOIS independently of applicable laws and ethical requirements.

Authors must protect confidential and personally identifiable information and avoid unnecessary disclosure.

Research involving animals must provide relevant ethical approval and welfare information and follow applicable animal research reporting guidance, including the ARRIVE guidelines where appropriate.

Research using anonymized or secondary datasets must still comply with applicable data access, privacy, contractual, and ethical requirements.

The use of publicly accessible information does not automatically exempt a study from all ethical or legal obligations.

19. Generative AI and AI-Assisted Tools

NOIS permits responsible use of AI-assisted tools in manuscript preparation when their use is consistent with research integrity, intellectual property rights, and the journal's ethical policies.

Authors remain responsible for the accuracy, validity, originality, and completeness of their submitted work.

Generative AI tools must not be used to fabricate references, mathematical results, research data, images, experiments, or scientific findings.

AI-assisted language editing may be used under appropriate human supervision.

Authors must disclose materially relevant generative AI assistance in preparing manuscript content, identifying the tool and the nature of its contribution.

Routine spelling and grammar correction that does not generate substantive scholarly content does not ordinarily require a separate declaration.

Where artificial intelligence is part of the research methodology itself, authors must report the relevant models, software, settings, data processing procedures, and evaluation methods sufficiently for scientific assessment.

AI-generated or AI-modified scientific images and datasets must be identified when their generation or modification affects the interpretation of the research.

Reviewers and editors are not permitted to upload confidential manuscripts, reviewer reports, unpublished results, or editorial correspondence into unauthorized external generative AI services.

Generative AI must not replace independent scientific peer review or editorial judgment.

20. Originality, Preprints, and Conference Papers

NOIS considers manuscripts that make a substantive scientific contribution and comply with its originality and publication ethics requirements.

A manuscript must not be simultaneously submitted to another journal.

Previously posted preprints are permitted when disclosed during submission.

Authors should provide the relevant preprint DOI or stable link and explain any material relationship between the preprint and the submitted version.

An expanded version of a conference paper may be considered when it makes a substantive additional contribution and appropriately acknowledges the earlier publication.

Authors must identify the conference version, explain the new contribution, and provide the previous work to the editor when requested.

An extension may derive its contribution from new theoretical analysis, stronger mathematical results, substantial methodological development, rigorous additional validation, or other meaningful scientific advances.

Changes in wording, manuscript length, notation, or presentation alone do not constitute a sufficient extension.

Relevant copyright and licensing requirements must also be satisfied.

21. Copyright, Permissions, and Open Access

NOIS publishes accepted articles under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).

Authors retain copyright in their work, subject to applicable third-party rights and lawful arrangements.

Under CC BY 4.0, readers may share, reproduce, and adapt licensed material, including for commercial purposes, provided that the license conditions are satisfied.

Authors are responsible for identifying third-party material and obtaining permission when required.

Permission may not be necessary where the material is already available under a compatible license or where an applicable legal exception permits its use.

Merely redrawing or modifying copyrighted material does not automatically eliminate copyright obligations.

Any third-party content excluded from the article's CC BY 4.0 license must be identified appropriately.

Authors may share the published version of their articles in accordance with the CC BY 4.0 license, subject to any separately applicable rights in third-party content.

Authors are encouraged to identify the final published version using its DOI.

22. Submission and Editorial Assessment

Manuscripts must be submitted through the official OJS submission system.

The submitting author must complete the required metadata, upload the correct manuscript files, and provide the necessary declarations.

All submissions undergo an initial editorial screening for scope, scientific suitability, completeness, and ethical compliance.

Manuscripts that do not meet essential requirements may be returned for technical correction or rejected without external review.

Manuscripts selected for external assessment undergo double-anonymous peer review, normally involving at least two independent reviewers with relevant expertise.

Reviewers assess the scientific contribution, theoretical or methodological validity, adequacy of evidence, clarity, and relevance of the work.

The editor makes the decision after considering the substance of the reviewers' reports and the journal's editorial standards.

Authors should consult the Editorial Timeline and Acceptance Rate page for the journal's indicative processing periods.

Editorial processing targets are not guaranteed decision dates.

23. Preparation and Submission of Revised Manuscripts

When revisions are requested, authors must address the editorial and reviewer comments carefully and explain the changes made.

Revised submissions must include:

• Revised Manuscript with Tracked Changes: An editable version showing the modifications made in response to review.
• Point-by-Point Response to Reviewers: A document addressing each substantive comment and identifying where revisions have been made.
• Clean Revised Manuscript: A complete version without visible tracked changes, suitable for further review or production.

All versions intended for anonymous reviewer access must remain free of author-identifying information.

Authors should not delete reviewer concerns or avoid substantive questions without explanation.

When an author disagrees with a recommendation, the response should provide a clear scientific justification supported by evidence.

Additional data, experiments, mathematical proofs, analyses, or explanations should be incorporated when necessary to address legitimate scientific concerns.

A request for revision does not guarantee acceptance.

24. Acceptance, Proofs, and Publication

Following final editorial acceptance, a manuscript enters the journal's production process.

Production may involve copyediting, formatting, verification of bibliographic information, preparation of publication files, and DOI registration or confirmation.

The corresponding author will be asked to review proofs for typographical errors, formatting problems, incorrect author details, mathematical symbols, tables, figures, and other production-related issues.

Authors should normally return proof corrections within two working days of receiving the proofs, or contact the editorial office promptly if additional time is required.

Substantial changes to the scientific findings, authorship, methods, or conclusions after acceptance require editorial approval and may necessitate further evaluation.

The publisher may resolve routine typographical and formatting matters during production, but unresolved substantive questions must not be treated as approved solely because an author has not responded.

The journal's indicative target for online publication is five working days after final acceptance, subject to completion of the necessary production requirements.

Published articles receive DOI identifiers and are made available through the journal's open access platform.

25. Publication Fees

NOIS does not charge a manuscript submission fee.

According to the publisher's published fee schedule, the standard article processing fee for NOIS is USD 500.

The publisher has announced a waiver of this standard fee for 2026.

Authors should consult the official publisher fee policy before submission to confirm applicable fees, waivers, and payment terms, particularly when submission, acceptance, and publication fall in different calendar years.

Editorial decisions are based on scientific merit and are independent of publication charges or waiver eligibility.

Payment of a publication fee does not guarantee manuscript acceptance or replace peer review.

Official Publisher Fee Policy: https://sciencesforce.com/article/processing/fees

26. Research Integrity and Post-Publication Responsibilities

Authors are responsible for the integrity of their published findings and must cooperate with legitimate requests to clarify scientific questions or correct material errors.

If an author identifies an important error after publication, the author should inform the editorial office promptly and provide the information needed for assessment.

The journal may publish a correction, expression of concern, or retraction when justified by the available evidence and the need to maintain the reliability of the scholarly record.

Authors may also submit evidence-based scientific comments concerning published research through the journal's established editorial procedures.

Allegations of publication misconduct, appeals against editorial decisions, and complaints are handled in accordance with the journal's Editorial Policies and Publication Ethics Statement.

27. Submission Checklist

Before submitting a manuscript, the corresponding author should confirm that:

- The manuscript is within the journal's Aims and Scope and provides a clearly identifiable scientific contribution.

- All authors have approved the submission and their names, affiliations, and contributions are accurate.

- The work is not under consideration by another journal, and related previous publications or preprints have been disclosed.

- The official Word template has been used and the manuscript is complete and editable.

- A separate title page and an anonymized manuscript have been prepared.

- The abstract, keywords, tables, figures, equations, and references comply with the journal's requirements.

- Mathematical claims, numerical results, computational procedures, and scientific conclusions have been checked for accuracy.

- Appropriate supporting evidence, methodological documentation, and data availability information have been provided.

- Funding, competing interests, author contributions, relevant ethical approvals, and other applicable declarations have been supplied.

- Required permissions and consent for publication of third-party or identifiable material have been obtained.

- Any materially relevant generative AI use has been disclosed.

- All uploaded supplementary files have been checked for accuracy, confidentiality, and appropriate reviewer access.

- The corresponding author has reviewed the journal's publication fees, licensing arrangements, and editorial policies.

28. Author Support and Related Policies

Authors requiring assistance with submission procedures, manuscript preparation, or technical problems should contact the editorial office.

Editorial Office: nois@sciencesforce.com

Publication Ethics, Complaints, and Appeals: ethics_reporting@sciencesforce.com

Aims and Scope: https://ojs.sciencesforce.com/index.php/nois/aims_and_scope

Editorial Policies: https://ojs.sciencesforce.com/index.php/nois/policies

Publication Ethics Statement: https://ojs.sciencesforce.com/index.php/nois/publication_ethics

Editorial Timeline and Acceptance Rate: https://ojs.sciencesforce.com/index.php/nois/editorial-timeline

Official Journal Website: https://ojs.sciencesforce.com/index.php/nois/index